TechFresh: Linux

A World Without Linux – A World Without Internet (Episode 1)

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgswRVoN4zQn6OdSbCG8on5r3R05Ap71fsUYEMuFmT90a740fLGQLeZTHntz5v7JAQBi3OOFYtRCoBlNslmB8S6sZbxi68Syov2ZQCFF1n9SYJmDBCoxNBk6YAZPFsAtw9qrkPPVs59ms0/s1600/maxresdefault.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="360" loading="lazy" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgswRVoN4zQn6OdSbCG8on5r3R05Ap71fsUYEMuFmT90a740fLGQLeZTHntz5v7JAQBi3OOFYtRCoBlNslmB8S6sZbxi68Syov2ZQCFF1n9SYJmDBCoxNBk6YAZPFsAtw9qrkPPVs59ms0/s640-rw/maxresdefault.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><b>SP's: </b>Linux is the largest collaborative project in the computing history. It’s literally everywhere. And to showcase this, The Linux Foundation has brought a video series named A World Without Linux. Watch the first episode here.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">You are using the internet right now on your smartphone or computer. Is this possible without Linux? There is a plain and simple answer to this question. NO. This is the message that The Linux Foundation wants to convey with its first episode of A World Without Linux video series.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">This series was launched a week ago on the occasion of the 24th anniversary of the first Linux kernel release. This six-part video series will feature two characters and their feline called String.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">In the video series, with the help of multiple events, they will show how ridiculous a world without Linux would be.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">In the very first episode, Sam and Anne are trying to find an answer to a question that you can search right away on your phone. But, in a world without Linux, a different story unfolds.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">To know the answer, watch A World Without Linux: Episode 1 below:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">For those who don’t know, Linux powers more than 96% of the top 1 million web servers. To showcase the same, Animator Amelia Lorenz has worked very hard to bring this unimaginable world without Linux in the form of this video series.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Go ahead and share this article with your friends to show your Linux love. In the comments below, tell your interpretation of a world without Linux.</span></div>
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A World Without Linux – A World Without Internet (Episode 1)

SP's: Linux is the largest collaborative project in the computing history. It’s literally everywhere. And to showcase this, The Lin...

Margaret Hamilton: Meet The Woman Whose Code Took Humans to The Moon

Shivam Patsariya 0 Linux, News, Reviews, Science, Security, Software, tech 8:39 AM

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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-small;">Margaret Hamilton with the source-code of Apollo Guidance Computer in 1969</span></div>
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<b style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: x-large;">SP's: </b><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Margaret Hamilton was the software genius of her times who made the smooth landing of the historic Apollo 11 on the Moon possible.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">The whole world knows of Neil Armstrong and his famous small step and a giant leap on July 20, 1969 when United States’ Apollo 11 landed on Moon. It was a historic moment for the mankind, a journey of 384,400 km that has today been protracted over 7.5 billion kms to Pluto.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">But, the journey was not a fairy-tale as most people would know it. Years of hard work, failures and spirited team effort brought this dream to reality. As Neil Armstrong put his feet on behalf of all the mankind on the Moon, the world was ecstatic, and so was Margaret Hamilton, the woman whose code took the man to the Moon.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Margaret was the integral member of the part of the MIT team that was entrusted by NASA with the on-board flight software. This was the first time when the relatively new and abstract concept of software and codes were trusted with something so risky and real-time critical task.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">As she recalls, just before the landing, the computer was cluttered with the erroneous signals and superfluous information sent by the radar and alarms went off indicating overloading. The software that Margaret and her team developed helped the computer to prioritize the tasks and avoided it from getting into a recovery mode. Had the software not been there, the computer would have gone berserk and history, well, not as we know today!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Margaret is hailed as the computer science pioneer and she was the woman who coined the term “software engineering”. Needless to say, most of the people reading this article would thank her for their employment. 1950-60s was a time when software stream was just evolving and was not given due respect compared to other fields of engineering.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Margaret tells in an interview to the Medium that she is surprised that even after all the achievements by the women in all spheres of lives and profession they still face biases and prejudices.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Parisa Tabriz is one such outstanding lady who has been employed by Google to protect its empire from black-hats. Parisa goes by the name- “Security Princess” proving women are equally good if not better than men.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Margaret had worked in all the Apollo manned missions and few unmanned ones as well. Naming her famous works, she has also worked on Skylab on-board flight software and preliminary software requirements for the Space Shuttle flight software.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">NASA felicitated her with Exceptional Space Act Award for her contributions in the Apollo missions. She was also the founder of Hamilton Technologies Inc. in 1986 which provides services to modernize the planning and helps the software engineers with their problem-solving approach though the USL (Universal Systems Language).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">All in all, she was an amazing woman who worked for the evolution of our technology and is an inspiration to all the women in the contemporary times.</span></div>
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Margaret Hamilton: Meet The Woman Whose Code Took Humans to The Moon

Margaret Hamilton with the source-code of Apollo Guidance Computer in 1969 SP's: Margaret Hamilton was the software genius of her...

Don’t Try To Hack Into Your Own Device, Govt Will Destroy It- Thanks to TPP

Shivam Patsariya 1 Creative, Hack, HackingEbooks, Linux, News, Reviews 12:20 PM

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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><b>SP's: </b>The landmark TPP deal allows a judicial review over violation of Digital Rights Management technologies and could lead to the destruction of your devices if found guilty.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Forget the good old days when the kids used to open up the electronics at their homes in quest of knowledge and sometimes even tweak the original to create a multi-purpose device. So, no more playing around with the gadgets, because if you are caught, your device would be seized and destroyed as per the recently signed Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Wikileaks has <a href="https://wikileaks.org/tpp-ip3/WikiLeaks-TPP-IP-Chapter/WikiLeaks-TPP-IP-Chapter-051015.pdf" target="_blank">released the official documents</a> regarding the copyrights chapter which forbids anyone to circumvent the copyright and product infringement laws and thereby make changes in the original devices or proprietary technology (software/hardware) for any purpose. Such are called DRM or Digital Rights Management technologies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Well, DRM was always there but what comes new with the TPP is that judicial authorities would have the authority to confiscate and order the destruction of such devices and products found to be involved in any such DRM violation.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">TPP is touted as the 21st-century landmark for trade liberalization and hog around 40% of the world’s economy and had been pushed aggressively since many years. The agreement has already come under fire for favoring the corporates and stifling the rights of consumers. Similar penal laws have been adjudicated against the free-flowing information on Internet, again with an intent to smother small businesses and create a corporate monopoly.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Worst affected by these new developments will be the white-hat hackers as bypassing the manufacturer’s exclusive system and finding the zero-day vulnerabilities is their job. Even individuals who want to improvise their devices are prohibited. As in the case of the Internet copyright violations, the punishment is from a monetary fine to a term in jail.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Wikileaks has also the leaked the device-destroying proposal in the TPP back in 2014 as well. After a long slumber, the whistleblowing forum has revived itself and lately has been crowdfunding to offer bounty in order to get confidential government documents such as this one and the US bombings in Doctors Without Borders Hospital in Afghanistan few days back.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Have something to add? Tell us in the comments below.</span></div>
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Don’t Try To Hack Into Your Own Device, Govt Will Destroy It- Thanks to TPP

SP's: The landmark TPP deal allows a judicial review over violation of Digital Rights Management technologies and could lead to the...

Linux Founder Linus Torvalds: “2016 Will Be The Year of ARM Laptops”

Shivam Patsariya 0 Linux, Security 11:03 AM

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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i><b>SP's: </b>The opinions of Linus Torvalds are weighed quite heavily when it comes to the matters of Linux. Earlier this week, at LinuxCon Europe, the Linux founder expressed his views on the matters of security and the future of ARM powered laptops.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">According to Linus Torvalds, ARM laptops are the devices of future. “I’m happy to see that ARM is making progress.” He added, “One of these days, I will actually have a machine with ARM. They said it would be this year, but maybe it’ll be next year. 2016 will be the year of the ARM laptop.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">At the conference, he answered multiple questions from the Dirk Hondel, Chief Linux and Open Source Technologist at Intel.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Linus Torvalds didn’t mention if he was talking strictly about Linux-based ARM laptops.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">His expectations could be supported by the fact that ARM processor-powered Chromebooks are rising at a very fast pace. Along with that, there are many Linux distributions that have their ARM versions,  including Ubuntu, Debian, Gentoo, Fedora etc.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Talking about the Linux kernel security, Linus said that it’s very hard to please security experts. “Security people will always be unhappy,” he said. However, he added that he believes the kernel developers are doing their best to check the 25 million lines of kernel code for bugs.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Talking about the progress Linux has made in the previous years, he says that Linux did everything he expected in its first sixth months. He thanked the community by saying that what came after those six months, was the result of other people solving new problems.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">“Linux is all these crazy people doing crazy things I never imagined. It’s going to be interesting to see what others will do with it in the next 25 years,” Linus Torvalds adds.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Read everything that <a href="http://www.linux.com/news/software/linux-kernel/858406-linuxcon-2015-report-dirk-hohndel-chats-with-linus-torvalds" target="_blank">Linus Torvalds said.</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Have something to add, tell us in the comments below.</span></div>
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Linux Founder Linus Torvalds: “2016 Will Be The Year of ARM Laptops”

SP's: The opinions of Linus Torvalds are weighed quite heavily when it comes to the matters of Linux. Earlier this week, at LinuxCo...

Learn it Faster: The Complete Linux Kernel in a Single Map

Shivam Patsariya 0 Linux 3:35 AM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHQ2pk2jeUL5oawn6HSv8hL0p2XFEGCpKPLK5Up9tFKKS9k_FB0j54wbgCX6IyQQ82TVl9msWxNk4DWuer_puGM2bW3YV_2YPxhzwOz1DnB4l48Kr3EH7R8sANmvrVo3rfZpOBSbBo9wQ/s1600/entire-linux-code-single-map-.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="385" loading="lazy" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHQ2pk2jeUL5oawn6HSv8hL0p2XFEGCpKPLK5Up9tFKKS9k_FB0j54wbgCX6IyQQ82TVl9msWxNk4DWuer_puGM2bW3YV_2YPxhzwOz1DnB4l48Kr3EH7R8sANmvrVo3rfZpOBSbBo9wQ/s640-rw/entire-linux-code-single-map-.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i><b>SP's: </b>Today, we are sharing an interactive Linux Kernel map that will teach you the basics and understand the various subsystems. Take a look.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The internet runs on Linux, everybody knows this fact. The Linux Kernel is one of the most complex and popular open source projects. If you wish to learn the basics, there is tons of material available online. Still, the core of the Linux kernel is a subject difficult to understand.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It’s said that a picture is worth a thousand words. In the past, we have shared two articles in the learn in faster series : Python in one image and JavaScript in one image. Along the similar lines, today we’re here with the complete Linux Kernel map.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In Linux Kernel, there are multiple layers, modules, functionalities, calls and functions – and to make everything clear, MakeLinux has a cool interactive map of the complete kernel. Here, we are sharing this interactive map of Linux Kernel that has all the components and each item on the map is an hyperlink to the source code and documentation.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">This Linux kernel map helps you to understand complex interconnections between subsystems of the kernel while you navigate through its source code. Let’s suppose you are trying to hack down a bug and getting irritated trying to figure out what invokes what – so here the kernel map comes to your rescue.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://stacksocial.com/sales/the-linux-learner-bundle?aid=a-777o79wh" target="_blank">Get Linux Learner Bundle here.</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">This is also very helpful if you just want to understand the subsystems. On the map, there are more than 400 prominent functions and functions are divided into major subsystems.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The relationships are shown by the lines and by clicking on any function, you’ll reach to its Linux source code and documentation.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Browse the entire interactive map here on <a href="http://www.makelinux.net/kernel_map/" target="_blank">MakeLinux</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">For quick reference, take a look at the picture below (click on it to enlarge).</span></div>
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<img alt="linux-kernel-map" height="480" loading="lazy" src="http://d2brer6wwumtdu.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/linux-kernel-map.jpg" width="640" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Did you find this Linux Kernel Map helpful? Tell us in the comments below.</span></div>
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Learn it Faster: The Complete Linux Kernel in a Single Map

SP's: Today, we are sharing an interactive Linux Kernel map that will teach you the basics and understand the various subsystems. T...

Shivam Patsariya 0 Linux, News, Offers 8:46 AM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_93Oq8T2G66G9Z2s2qt5lSSFHZ6igFHlaci8rEzInMI9GmlekjNwXDpjV-QQBoh3uqZQaSgTOFk__Sj3giEzzxa3yBbbLli2Nk9wJBhR5T9SuqZX1rfE2h799ijeo6AV6-GB0A18_Wjc/s1600/linus-torvalds-linux-kernel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"></span></a><i style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="372" loading="lazy" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_93Oq8T2G66G9Z2s2qt5lSSFHZ6igFHlaci8rEzInMI9GmlekjNwXDpjV-QQBoh3uqZQaSgTOFk__Sj3giEzzxa3yBbbLli2Nk9wJBhR5T9SuqZX1rfE2h799ijeo6AV6-GB0A18_Wjc/s640-rw/linus-torvalds-linux-kernel.jpg" width="640" /></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i><b>SP's: </b>Today’s the 24th first anniversary of 1st Linux kernel release. October 5th is the day when Linus Torvalds released the 1st Linux kernel.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>If you remember, back in August, we celebrated the birthday of Linux. August 25th is the day when Linus Torvalds first told the world that he was working on a project named Linux. However, the Linux community celebrates October 5th as another anniversary of Linux.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>So, is Linux confused about its birthday just like Google? Well, October 5th is the day when Linus released the first kernel.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Today, Linux is running the world and more companies are adopting it to run their systems.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>On the occasion of Linux kernel birthday, The Linux Foundation shared some interesting facts about the same. Let’s take a look at them:</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Version 0.01 of the Linux kernel had 10,239 lines of code.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Version 4.1, released in July 2015, has more than 19 million lines of code.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>The current Linux kernel is the result of one of the largest collaborative projects ever attempted.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Nearly 12,000 developers from more than 1,200 companies have contributed to the Linux kernel since tracking began 10 years ago.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>The rate of Linux development is unmatched. The average number of changes accepted into the kernel per hour is 7.71, which translates to 185 changes every day and nearly 1,300 per week.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>As of last month, 115,013,302 total lines of source code were present in The Linux Foundation’s Collaborative Projects.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>It would take a team of 1,356 developers over 30 years to recreate the code base in these projects.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>The total economic value of this work is estimated at more than $5 billion.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>These facts are taken from The Linux Foundation‘s anniversary post.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>Are you using a Linux machine right now? Tell us in the comments below.</i></span></div>
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SP's: Today’s the 24th first anniversary of 1st Linux kernel release. October 5th is the day when Linus Torvalds released the 1st ...

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